In 2022, Alpine County ranked as the 21st most government transfer-dependent county in California, with 26.7% of total income coming from programs such as Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and income maintenance, according to information from the Economic Innovation Group.
In total, residents in Alpine County received $21.49 million, equivalent to $18,056 per capita.
For comparison, the average across California was $8.03 billion, or $11,542 per capita.
Government transfer payments are non-repayable funds provided by federal, state, or local governments to support individuals in need. These payments aim to stabilize economic conditions and provide financial support during hardships. Key programs include Social Security transfers (retirement benefits), Medicare transfers (healthcare for seniors), Medicaid transfers (healthcare for low-income individuals), and income maintenance transfers (financial assistance for basic needs).
Breaking down the contributions in Alpine County at the time, Social Security transfers made up $4.57 million, a 21.2% share of the total. Medicare transfers accounted for $2.85 million (13.2%), while Medicaid contributed $11.23 million (52.3%). Income maintenance programs, including assistance such as SNAP or TANF, added another $1.75 million, or 8.1% of the total.
With 26.3% of the population aged 65 and older, Alpine County has a significant demand for programs like Social Security and Medicare. Despite this aid, the total per capita income in Alpine County, excluding government transfers was $49,495, which is far below the county’s total income of $67,551, emphasizing the role of government transfers in overall income.
When comparing 2022 to the previous year, Alpine County saw a decrease in its government transfer dependency by 0.4%.
Government transfers have long been a modest financial safety net, historically comprising only a small fraction of Americans’ income. However, since the 1970s—sometimes dubbed the “Great Transfer-mation”—dependency has surged from 8.2% (or $2,022 per capita in inflation-adjusted 2022 dollars) in 1970 to 17.6% (or $11,542 per capita) in 2022 nationwide. In Alpine County, reliance on government transfers has similarly increased from virtually none in 1970 to 26.7% (or $18,056 per capita) in 2022, reflecting broader national trends.
According to the Economic Innovation Group’s analysis, these trends are not merely short-term responses to economic pressures but rather reflect a profound, long-term transformation in how government support is integrated into American life. The study illustrates that structural shifts—from rising healthcare expenses and demographic changes to stagnant wages—have significantly increased dependency on government transfers.
| County | State Rank | Dependency on Transfers (%) | % Population 65+ | Social Security Transfers (%) | Medicare Transfers (%) | Medicaid Transfers (%) | Income Maintenance Transfers (%) | Per Capita Transfers ($) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trinity County | 1 | 41.1% | 30.9% | 10.4% | 8.3% | 13.8% | 4.6% | $14,925 |
| Del Norte County | 2 | 39.3% | 20.7% | 9.1% | 6.9% | 13.9% | 5.6% | $17,166 |
| Modoc County | 3 | 37.2% | 30% | 8.9% | 8.4% | 12.2% | 4.2% | $21,063 |
| Siskiyou County | 4 | 36.8% | 27.9% | 10.1% | 7.1% | 11.2% | 4.2% | $19,046 |
| Lake County | 5 | 36.3% | 24% | 10% | 9.2% | 8.7% | 4.2% | $16,563 |
| Lassen County | 6 | 31.8% | 17.3% | 7.1% | 5.4% | 11.9% | 3.9% | $12,950 |
| Yuba County | 7 | 31.8% | 13.3% | 5.6% | 5% | 12.5% | 4.6% | $15,320 |
| Shasta County | 8 | 31.7% | 21.5% | 8.6% | 6.3% | 9.1% | 3.7% | $17,135 |
| Tehama County | 9 | 31.3% | 20.2% | 8.6% | 7.6% | 7.9% | 3.9% | $14,813 |
| Plumas County | 10 | 31.2% | 32% | 9.6% | 7.9% | 7.1% | 2.6% | $18,548 |
| Tuolumne County | 11 | 30.9% | 28.2% | 10.7% | 8.1% | 6% | 2.5% | $16,290 |
| Mendocino County | 12 | 29.9% | 24.6% | 7.7% | 6.5% | 9.3% | 3.4% | $17,149 |
| Imperial County | 13 | 29.8% | 13.8% | 5.6% | 6.5% | 7% | 6% | $13,476 |
| Amador County | 14 | 28.8% | 27.8% | 11.6% | 8.5% | 3.1% | 2.2% | $13,970 |
| Glenn County | 15 | 27.7% | 17% | 7% | 6.8% | 7.5% | 3.7% | $14,158 |
| Calaveras County | 16 | 27.7% | 29% | 10.2% | 7% | 4.7% | 2.5% | $15,514 |
| Butte County | 17 | 27.6% | 18.4% | 7.1% | 6.2% | 7.3% | 3.7% | $15,156 |
| Mariposa County | 18 | 27.4% | 30.1% | 8.9% | 6.3% | 6.6% | 2.6% | $16,803 |
| Humboldt County | 19 | 27.1% | 19.8% | 7.1% | 4.8% | 8.7% | 3.2% | $14,667 |
| Merced County | 20 | 27% | 11.7% | 4.8% | 4.2% | 9.9% | 4.7% | $12,461 |
| Alpine County | 21 | 26.7% | 26.3% | 5.7% | 3.5% | 14% | 2.2% | $18,056 |
| Tulare County | 22 | 26.6% | 11.9% | 4.7% | 4.1% | 9.4% | 5.4% | $12,574 |
| Sierra County | 23 | 26.4% | 31.6% | 10.3% | 7.7% | 2.5% | 2.8% | $12,643 |
| Fresno County | 24 | 25.8% | 12.9% | 4.7% | 4.2% | 9.1% | 4.9% | $13,015 |
| Inyo County | 25 | 25.1% | 24.8% | 7.2% | 6.5% | 6.6% | 2.4% | $15,433 |
| Sutter County | 26 | 24.6% | 16.4% | 5.8% | 5.8% | 6.2% | 3.4% | $12,794 |
| Kings County | 27 | 23.9% | 10.9% | 4.6% | 4% | 7.7% | 4% | $10,173 |
| Stanislaus County | 28 | 23.5% | 13.8% | 5.7% | 4.8% | 6.9% | 3.5% | $11,991 |
| San Joaquin County | 29 | 23% | 13.5% | 4.8% | 4% | 8.5% | 3.4% | $12,478 |
| Madera County | 30 | 23% | 14.5% | 6% | 4.5% | 5.7% | 4% | $10,676 |
| Kern County | 31 | 22.6% | 11.8% | 5.2% | 4.8% | 5.3% | 4.3% | $10,122 |
| San Bernardino County | 32 | 21.7% | 12.5% | 4.9% | 4.5% | 5.7% | 3.8% | $10,706 |
| Sacramento County | 33 | 21.5% | 15.3% | 4.9% | 4.1% | 7.1% | 3.2% | $13,238 |
| Solano County | 34 | 20.8% | 17.5% | 6% | 4.6% | 4.3% | 2.5% | $12,097 |
| Colusa County | 35 | 20% | 15.7% | 5.5% | 4.8% | 4.3% | 2.6% | $11,121 |
| Nevada County | 36 | 19.9% | 29.3% | 7.8% | 5% | 3% | 1.6% | $14,479 |
| Riverside County | 37 | 19.8% | 15.4% | 5.8% | 4.9% | 3.1% | 3% | $10,171 |
| Los Angeles County | 38 | 18.7% | 15.2% | 3.5% | 4.1% | 6.3% | 3.2% | $13,893 |
| San Luis Obispo County | 39 | 16.8% | 22.2% | 6.6% | 4.5% | 2% | 1.4% | $11,393 |
| Monterey County | 40 | 16.4% | 15% | 4.4% | 3.5% | 3.7% | 2.3% | $10,646 |
| Sonoma County | 41 | 15.9% | 21.6% | 5.6% | 4.4% | 2.8% | 1.4% | $12,415 |
| Yolo County | 42 | 15.5% | 13.4% | 4.2% | 3.2% | 4% | 1.8% | $9,961 |
| El Dorado County | 43 | 15.1% | 23.5% | 5.9% | 4% | 2.1% | 1.2% | $12,405 |
| San Diego County | 44 | 15% | 15.5% | 4.1% | 3.4% | 3.3% | 1.7% | $11,109 |
| San Benito County | 45 | 14.7% | 13.5% | 4.4% | 3.8% | 2.5% | 1.9% | $9,080 |
| Ventura County | 46 | 14.4% | 17.4% | 4.6% | 4.1% | 2.2% | 1.5% | $10,959 |
| Napa County | 47 | 14% | 21.2% | 4.8% | 4% | 2.5% | 1% | $12,121 |
| Santa Barbara County | 48 | 13.6% | 16.6% | 4.4% | 3.4% | 2.2% | 1.8% | $10,320 |
| Placer County | 49 | 13.5% | 20.5% | 5.2% | 3.8% | 1.4% | 1.1% | $11,070 |
| Santa Cruz County | 50 | 13.4% | 19% | 4.3% | 3.5% | 2.6% | 1.5% | $11,582 |
| Mono County | 51 | 12.1% | 18.6% | 3.7% | 2.9% | 1.6% | 1.4% | $7,890 |
| Alameda County | 52 | 11.9% | 15.5% | 2.8% | 2.5% | 3.8% | 1.5% | $11,610 |
| Contra Costa County | 53 | 11.8% | 17.2% | 3.7% | 2.9% | 2.5% | 1.2% | $11,203 |
| Orange County | 54 | 11.7% | 16.3% | 3.7% | 3.3% | 1.8% | 1.5% | $9,775 |
| San Francisco County | 55 | 8.4% | 18.1% | 1.9% | 1.9% | 2.5% | 1.2% | $13,025 |
| Marin County | 56 | 6.8% | 23.9% | 2.9% | 2% | 0.7% | 0.6% | $11,630 |
| Santa Clara County | 57 | 6.6% | 14.9% | 1.9% | 1.6% | 1.6% | 0.7% | $9,529 |
| San Mateo County | 58 | 5.3% | 18.1% | 2% | 1.4% | 0.7% | 0.5% | $9,223 |
